Breeding

Breeding is a mechanic in Palworld used with the Breeding Farm.

It allows players to breed two Pals, which results in them laying a Pal Egg that can be hatched in an  Egg Incubator. Through breeding you can get various passive skills or Subspecies Pals.

To breed Pals together you will need a Breeding Farm. Once you place the Breeding Farm you must assign a male and female Pal. The Breeding Farm also needs to be supplied with Cake. After some time they will produce a Pal Egg which can then be incubated.

There are over 18,797 breeding pair combinations, and we simply cannot list them all!

Breeding Farm

Main article: Breeding Farm

The Breeding Farm is a Technology that allows two opposite gendered Pals to breed with each other (even completely different species). It is unlocked at level 19, and requires 100  Wood, 20  Stone, and 50  Fiber to craft.

Pals can be assigned to the Breeding Farm using the Pick Up keybind while hovering over them and throwing them at the building. Assigned Pals will wander inside the Breeding Farm until manually removed.

To produce an Egg these conditions must be met:

• Both assigned pals are of opposite gender.
• At least one  Cake is present in the wooden chest located to the right of the Breeding Farm.

The UI will state "Love is blossoming between the two Pals", and a progress bar will appear.

Breeding will progress to completion, regardless of the presence of  Cake.

 Cake placed in the Breeding Farm's chest will not spoil.

How Breeding Works

The way breeding works is rather simple. Each Pal has a hidden breeding power number between 10 and 1500. The lower the number the more rare or powerful the Pal is.

The game will then pick the Pal with the closest power to that average. As an example, if the baby Power ends up being 1015, and the closest values are 1010 (  Felbat) and 1020 (  Robinquill), the baby will be  Robinquill. The 'tie breaker' (since 1015 is equal distance between 1010 and 1020) just comes down to the which Pal comes first in the game file's index. In this case  Robinquill comes first in the game files so it gets picked over  Felbat.

The way this works means you can never breed a Pal stronger/rarer than your strongest/rarest parent. For example, if your starting parents have a power of 570 (  Anubis) and 1460 (  Cattiva) the result will be the following: (570 + 1460) / 2 = 1015 (  Robinquill). If you then bred that baby at 1015 with your starting 570  Anubis: (570 + 1015) / 2 = 792.5 (which is closest to  Arsox at 795).

If you continue this multiple times:

• (570 + 795) / 2 = 682.5 (  Univolt at 680)
• (570 + 680) / 2 = 625 (  Bushi at 625)
• (570 + 625) / 2 = 597.5 (  Incineram at 605)

As you can see you can get closer and closer to your 570  Anubis but you can never breed something stronger/rarer. But this also shows you can take one strong/rare Pal and breed it with its offspring and quickly start making Pals near that strength.

Breeding Conditions

As of launch, any Pal species can breed with any other Pal species. However, this will lead to a seemingly random Pal being generated with none of the parent's stats. The random Pal has a much higher chance of being a weaker, early game Pal than any mid to late game Pal. This is based off a "child rank" obtained from calculating the ranks of both the parents. A breeding combination list has been linked here (you can click here to make a copy of the full breeding list spreadsheet for easier use). In order for the breeding to commence, there must be a male and female Pal in the Breeding Farm. As there is no cooldown, you can have Pals breed indefinitely as long as cake is in the farm's crate. This allows for a faster experience when breeding for variants.

Same-Species Breeding

Pals of the same species, when bred together, will always produce that species. For some species, this is the only way to breed that Pal.

•  Chikipi
•  Warsect Terra
•  Blazamut Ryu
•  Paladius
•  Necromus
•  Frostallion
•  Jetragon
•  Bellanoir Libero
•  Selyne
•  Mimog
•  Xenovader
•  Xenogard

Standard Combination Breeding

Stub

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Typically, when two Pals breed, the resulting Pal is determined by the two parents breeding "Rank". Roughly, the resulting Pal will be the species with the average of the two parents breeding rank. Specifically, the child rank is calculated as follows:

$Child\_Rank=\lfloor \frac{ParentA\_Rank+ParentB\_Rank+1}{2}\rfloor$

And then the (eligible) child species with the rank nearest to this value is selected. If two species are equidistant from this value, the first one checked (having the lower "Check Order") is selected.

Breeding Rank

Pal	Rank	Eligible Child	Check Order
Lamball	1470	Yes	27
Cattiva	1460	Yes	46
Chikipi	1500	Yes	62
Lifmunk	1430	Yes	7
Foxparks	1400	Yes	20
Fuack	1330	Yes	59
Sparkit	1410	Yes	65
Tanzee	1250	Yes	107
Rooby	1155	Yes	137
Pengullet	1350	Yes	23
Penking	520	Yes	121
Jolthog	1370	Yes	17
Jolthog Cryst	1360	No	18
Gumoss	1240	Yes	112
Vixy	1450	Yes	79
Hoocrates	1390	Yes	82
Teafant	1490	Yes	14
Depresso	1380	Yes	47
Cremis	1455	Yes	134
Daedream	1230	Yes	106
Rushoar	1130	Yes	6
Nox	1180	Yes	120
Fuddler	1220	Yes	101
Killamari	1290	Yes	85
Mau	1480	Yes	4
Mau Cryst	1440	No	5
Celaray	870	Yes	127
Direhowl	1060	Yes	15
Tocotoco	1340	Yes	8
Flopie	1280	Yes	91
Mozzarina	910	Yes	86
Bristla	1320	Yes	21
Gobfin	1090	Yes	25
Gobfin Ignis	1100	No	26
Hangyu	1420	Yes	31
Hangyu Cryst	1422	No	32
Mossanda	430	Yes	97
Mossanda Lux	390	No	98
Woolipop	1190	Yes	39
Caprity	930	Yes	75
Melpaca	890	Yes	41
Eikthyrdeer	920	Yes	9
Eikthyrdeer Terra	900	No	10
Nitewing	420	Yes	90
Ribbuny	1310	Yes	116
Incineram	590	Yes	2
Incineram Noct	580	No	3
Cinnamoth	490	Yes	131
Arsox	790	Yes	99
Dumud	895	Yes	135
Cawgnito	1080	Yes	44
Leezpunk	1120	Yes	57
Leezpunk Ignis	1140	No	58
Loupmoon	950	Yes	30
Galeclaw	1030	Yes	12
Robinquill	1020	Yes	52
Robinquill Terra	1000	No	53
Gorirat	1040	Yes	16
Beegarde	1070	Yes	95
Elizabee	330	Yes	94
Grintale	510	Yes	130
Swee	1300	Yes	113
Sweepa	410	Yes	114
Chillet	800	Yes	122
Univolt	680	Yes	19
Foxcicle	760	Yes	104
Pyrin	360	Yes	35
Pyrin Noct	240	No	36
Reindrix	880	Yes	76
Rayhound	740	Yes	100
Kitsun	830	Yes	56
Dazzi	1210	Yes	24
Lunaris	1110	Yes	22
Dinossom	820	Yes	63
Dinossom Lux	810	No	64
Surfent	560	Yes	42
Surfent Terra	550	No	43
Maraith	1150	Yes	51
Digtoise	850	Yes	11
Tombat	750	Yes	96
Lovander	940	Yes	81
Flambelle	1405	Yes	136
Vanwyrm	660	Yes	60
Vanwyrm Cryst	620	No	61
Bushi	640	Yes	126
Beakon	220	Yes	117
Ragnahawk	380	Yes	125
Katress	700	Yes	115
Wixen	1160	Yes	80
Verdash	990	Yes	103
Vaelet	1050	Yes	89
Sibelyx	450	Yes	78
Elphidran	540	Yes	37
Elphidran Aqua	530	No	38
Kelpsea	1260	Yes	83
Kelpsea Ignis	1270	Yes	84
Azurobe	500	Yes	45
Cryolinx	130	Yes	40
Blazehowl	710	Yes	108
Blazehowl Noct	670	No	109
Relaxaurus	280	Yes	54
Relaxaurus Lux	270	No	55
Broncherry	860	Yes	71
Broncherry Aqua	840	No	72
Petallia	780	Yes	129
Reptyro	320	Yes	49
Reptyro Cryst	230	No	50
Kingpaca	470	Yes	110
Kingpaca Cryst	440	No	111
Mammorest	300	Yes	68
Mammorest Cryst	290	No	69
Wumpo	460	Yes	87
Wumpo Botan	480	Yes	88
Warsect	340	Yes	118
Fenglope	980	Yes	48
Felbat	1010	Yes	70
Quivern	350	Yes	123
Blazamut	10	Yes	74
Helzephyr	190	Yes	124
Astegon	150	Yes	102
Menasting	260	Yes	132
Anubis	570	Yes	1
Jormuntide	310	Yes	28
Jormuntide Ignis	315	No	29
Suzaku	50	Yes	33
Suzaku Aqua	30	No	34
Grizzbolt	200	No	13
Lyleen	250	No	92
Lyleen Noct	210	No	93
Faleris	370	No	73
Orserk	140	No	133
Shadowbeak	60	No	77
Paladius	80	No	119
Necromus	70	No	128
Frostallion	120	No	66
Frostallion Noct	100	No	67
Jetragon	90	No	105

Gender Ratios

Most Pals have a gender ratio of 1:1 Male to Female. These are the outliers.

No.	Pal		Male Ratio
89		Kingpaca	90%
89		Kingpaca Cryst	90%
92		Warsect	85%
92B		Warsect Terra	85%
124		Mimog	80%
120		Knocklem	70%
116		Shroomer	55%
69		Lovander	30%
104		Lyleen	30%
104		Lyleen Noct	30%
115		Lullu	30%
62		Dazzi	20%
29		Mozzarina	20%
113		Selyne	20%
51		Elizabee	10%
50		Beegarde	10%
112		Bellanoir	5%
112B		Bellanoir Libero	5%

Unique Combination Breeding

A few breeding combinations have specific outcomes that are handled specially.

Variant Pals

Pal Result	Parent Combination
Blazehowl Noct	Blazehowl +   Felbat
Broncherry Aqua	Broncherry +  Fuack
Bushi Noct	Bushi +  Sootseer
Chillet Ignis	Chillet +  Arsox
Dinossom Lux	Dinossom +  Rayhound
Eikthyrdeer Terra	Eikthyrdeer +  Hangyu
Elphidran Aqua	Elphidran +  Surfent
Frostallion Noct	Frostallion +  Helzephyr
Gobfin Ignis	Gobfin +  Rooby
Gorirat Terra	Gorirat +  Kikit
Hangyu Cryst	Hangyu +  Swee
Helzephyr Lux	Helzephyr +  Beakon
Incineram Noct	Incineram +  Maraith
Jolthog Cryst	Jolthog +  Pengullet
Jormuntide Ignis	Jormuntide+  Blazehowl
Katress Ignis	Wixen +  Katress
Kingpaca Cryst	Kingpaca +  Reindrix
Leezpunk Ignis	Leezpunk +  Flambelle
Lyleen Noct	Lyleen +  Menasting
Mammorest Cryst	Mammorest +  Wumpo
Menasting Terra	Menasting +  Knocklem
Mossanda Lux	Mossanda +  Grizzbolt
Mau Cryst	Mau +  Pengullet
Pyrin Noct	Pyrin +  Katress
Quivern Botan	Quivern +  Lullu
Relaxaurus Lux	Relaxaurus +  Sparkit
Reptyro Cryst	Reptyro +  Foxcicle
Robinquill Terra	Robinquill +  Fuddler
Surfent Terra	Surfent +  Dumud
Suzaku Aqua	Suzaku +  Jormuntide
Vanwyrm Cryst	Vanwyrm +  Foxcicle
Wixen Noct	Katress +  Wixen

• Note: Katress/Wixen results is dependant on the genders of the parents. Female Wixen gives Wixen Noct and Female Katress gives Katress Ignis.

Note that  Kelpsea Ignis and  Wumpo Botan do not have unique breeding combinations.  Kelpsea Ignis and  Wumpo Botan can be bred using the standard combination method above.

Tower Boss Pals

Pal Result	Parent Combination
Lyleen	Mossanda +  Petallia
Faleris	Vanwyrm +  Anubis
Grizzbolt	Mossanda +  Rayhound
Orserk	Grizzbolt +  Relaxaurus
Shadowbeak	Kitsun +  Astegon

Passing Down Passive Skills

Passive skills are able to be passed down from the parents onto the child. Passive skills can also be randomly generated. Special combinations have a random set of 4 passive skills; a couple or more of these skills can be 3rd tier. The "lucky" passive skill is one of these skills, giving the child a 15% boost to attack power and work speed.

Chance to inherit

These probabilities correspond to a typical breeding scenario where the creatures you’re breeding possess a set of unique passive skills. The goal is to inherit all these skills, without the introduction of any additional random skills.

Number of skills	Probability
4	10%
3	12%
2	24%
1	40%

In-depth probabilities

Several factors come into play when determining the actual probabilities:

• The random roll for the number of skills to inherit can exceed the combined number of unique skills the parents have. This increases the likelihood of inheriting fewer stats compared to the maximum possible (4) (see Cumulative Probability).
• If the goal is to inherit a specific subset of skills from the parent pals, and the total number of skills is not the same as the subset you want, then you have to factor that into the probability. This requires calculating the binomial coefficient to get the number of possible combinations of skills.
• It’s generally desirable to avoid the introduction of any additional random skills (see Without Random Skills).

Number of Inherited Skills(n)	Probability (p)	Without Random Skills (W(n))	Cumulative Probability (C(n))	Cumulative Without Random Skills (CW(n))
4	10%	10%	10%	10%
3	20%	8%	30%	12%
2	30%	12%	60%	24%
1	40%	16%	100%	40%

R(n) = p(n) x 0.4

W(n) = R(n) if n < 4, p(n) if n = 4

C(n) = Sum(p(i), i=n to 4)

CW(n) = Sum(R(i), i = n to 4) if 1 < n < 4, C(n) x 0.4 if n = 1, p(n) if n = 4

• Probability represents the fundamental likelihood of inheriting a specific number of skills. Please note that this figure is before accounting for the condition outlined in [1] above.
• Without Random Skills is the Probability multiplied by the probability to not generate any additional random passive skills (40%).
• Cumulative Probability is the chance to inherit that number or more passive skills. This number reflects both the probability to inherit n or more skills, and the probability to inherit n skills when the parents combined total number of skills is also n.
• Cumulative Without Random Skills is the Cumulative Probability multiplied by the probability to not generate any additional random passive skills (40%).

Noteworthy things

• When you have a pal species with perfect passive skills, you should be able to pass those passives on to a different pal species with a 10% chance. You do this by breeding the perfect pal with a second pal of a different species that has no passive skills.
• When parents have more than four unique passive skills, the probability of inheriting a specific set of skills is not linearly dependent on the total number of skills. Instead, it’s determined by the number of possible combinations of skills, calculated using the binomial coefficient. For instance, if there are six unique skills, the chance of inheriting a specific set of four skills is 1 out of the total 15 combinations of six skills taken four at a time, not simply 4/6.
• Due to the above, it is optimal to only breed pals that together have the four desired passive skills and nothing else (2 + 2, 3 + 1, 4 + 0).
• When breeding for a precise combination of skills, it’s usually preferable to avoid introducing any extra random skills. If you’re aiming for a specific combination of fewer than four passive skills, the probability of achieving this combination is further diminished by a 40% chance of not generating any additional random skills.
• Aiming to inherit a specific subset of fewer than four skills from the combined skills of the parents is consistently a bad idea. As mentioned earlier, the probabilities decrease linearly with the number of skills. This is further compounded by the 40% chance of not rolling any random skills, and the lack of cumulative probability from the number of skills to inherit rolling a higher number. As a result, this significantly lowers the chance of inheriting only that specific subset of skills.
• Once a passive skill is inherited, it’s excluded from the selection pool for future iterations. This means that an inherited skill won’t be chosen again in subsequent rounds. In other words, you won’t encounter a situation where the same skill is selected two or more times, resulting in the offspring having fewer passive skills than the random roll for number of inherited skills.
• The probability of inheriting a specific passive skill remains the same, whether it’s present in one or both parents. When forming the combined skill list from both parents, any duplicate skills are eliminated.
• It seems that the likelihood of randomly selecting a passive skill, regardless of whether it’s a higher-tier or lower-tier, is equal. Interestingly, this holds true not only for inherited skills but also for those that are randomly generated.
• It’s possible to roll the same random passive skills that weren’t initially selected for inheritance. This slightly increases the odds of obtaining a specific combination of passive skills from the stated probabilities. However, this increase is probably minimal, and somewhat complex to calculate.
• For modders: The UPalGameSetting properties Combi_PassiveInheritNum and Combi_PassiveRandomAddNum are the weighted random arrays that control the chance to inherit a certain number of passive skills.

To summarize

There are two rolls for passives. An inheritance roll, and a mutation roll. The inheritance roll determines how many passives are inherited from the parents. The mutation roll determines how many random passives are added on after that, if there is room for them. If all four slots are filled from the inheritance roll, the mutation roll is skipped.

• Duplicate passive skills on both parents neither help nor harm inheritance chances
• It doesn't matter which parent has which passive skill. A 2-2, 3-1, and 4-0 distribution all have the same odds.

This table shows the odds for inheriting a given number of passives:

Passive skills available for inheritance	Chance of inheriting all parents' passives, with no random passives
1	40%
2	24%
3	12%
4	10%

IV Inheritance Chances

IVs ("Innate Values", a term borrowed from the Pokémon fandom), represent a Pal's genetics, and determine the random variation in stats from pal to pal. To summarize, There are three IVs, ATK, DEF, and HP. They are heritable, and increase the amount of stats you gain from level to level. A maximum IV will raise its corresponding stat gains at each level-up by 30% (for the most part. Legendary Alpha pals have much higher HP potentials) At level 1, this will be insignificant, but at level 50 the bonus will be quite substantial.

Austin John Gaming did a 100-sample test to determine inheritance chances for IVs, however he made a miscalculation and in his conclusions reported half of the actual inheritance chances. His actual data shows that each IV has the following odds of inheritance:

• 30% Father
• 30% Mother
• 40% Random mutation

This means that the odds of inheriting all three IVs from either parent is (60%)^3 = 21.6%

Breeding for both IVs and Passives

If you're looking to breed pals for both passives and IVs, you should first try to get a pal with no passives, but max IVs (alpha pals tend to have above-average IVs, so look for high IVs from them). Failing that, you can settle for max IVs with no undesired passives. Breed pals with one or more perfect IVs together until all the IVs are perfect, and it has no passives, or no unwanted passives. This website can tell you what a pal's IVs are, but you'll have to level it up a little to tell for sure, due to rounding errors in the in-game stat screen.

Next, obtain a pair of pals with the four passives you want distributed between the two of them, and breed them with your perfect IV pal. Your goal should be to obtain a breeding pair with the four passives you're looking for distributed between the two of them, no undesirable passives, and max IVs. Note that when working toward this, partial successes can increase your odds. If you get a child with the passives you want, but only 2/3 IVs maxed, you can swap them in to increase your odds of getting all three IVs maxed.

Finally, breed your perfect IV parents together until you get perfect IVs and four passives. Once you've assembled the final breeding pair, the odds are:

• 21.6% to inherit all three IVs from either parent
• 10% to inherit all four passives

Total: 2.16%, or about 1/46.

Aiming for specific Passives

Work Speed

Pal's work speed base value is 70, passive skill is cumulative Artisan (50%) + Work Slave (30%) + Serious (20%) + Lucky (15%) = 115%, Pal Essence Condenser no increase, Statue of Strength Enhancement 10 levels total 30% increase. IV value doesn't affect work speed.

So the max working speed is 70*215%*130%=195

Pal Essence Condenser will increase all work suitability by 1 when it's 4 stars, and each level of work suitability is 300% more, the difference between level 1 and level 5 is about 33333=81 times.

Any previous work trait pal that is bred for artisan/work slave/serious/lucky can consider dropping lucky (15%) for nocturnal: it’s a slight work speed drop for being able to work 24/7 outside of food/spa. Particularly useful for Orzerk (electricity for oil pumps), Lyleen (planting), jormuntide (watering), frostellion (new ice crusher and cold feed box). Them being 5 work skill may be a good enough trade off to lose lucky for being able to work 24/7, over their noct counterparts. For pals that were already dark types it’s pointless and you can just bred for lucky.

Other

For combat pals, I think serenity is newest contender for traits. 30% cooldown on active as well as 10% Atk may effectively replace either 15% Atk (lucky), 20% (ferocious) or 20% element. It's worth to consider dropping elemental since it’s a pain to breed and forces you to pretty much exclude the option of other element attacks for a slight dmg boost.

For mounts Unlimited stamina feels more impactful overall than nimble. Definitely a preference things and depending on the pal (like it’s pointless on jetdragon to have nimble). So likely legend/swift/runner/unlimited stamina.

Noble and fine fur are kinda pointless late game due to abundance of gold, but early game it could be useful if you gonna bulk sell items.

History

• 0.3.1.0
  • Due to the addition of many new Pals, some Pal breeding combinations have been changed.
• 0.2.4.0
  • Breeding eggs now have a slight chance to produce an Alpha Pal.
• 0.1.5.1
  • Fixed a bug where breeding Pals always had fixed passives.
• 0.1.2.0
  • Introduced.

Trivia

• There is a glitch (assumed) that Pals of the same gender can breed from time to time.

External Tools

• Pal Breeding Calculator made by uk-youngprofessional on Reddit.
• Palworld Breeding Calculator by Paldex.io
• Palworld Breeding Tree
• Palworld Breeding Combos Calculator by Jagdish1o1
• Palworld Breeding Calculator by Palworld.gg
• Passive skill inheritance calculator by mgxts
• Breeding calculator that detects+reads your save file and solves for pals + traits by tylercamp
• All Palworld Breeding Combos: Palworld Breeding Calculator
• Palworld Zucht Liste: Finde deine perfekten Pal-Kombinationen

References

• https://www.reddit.com/r/Palworld/comments/19d98ws/spreadsheet_all_breeding_combinations_datamined/
• https://www.reddit.com/r/Palworld/comments/1af9in7/passive_skill_inheritance_mechanics_in_breeding/
• https://www.reddit.com/r/Palworld/comments/1am7y16/definitive_datamined_guide_to_breeding_for_both/